Structure of the Book

This book consists of five parts, Part A to Part E.

Part A presents the current internationally agreed upon equations for industrial cal­cula­tions of the most relevant thermophysical properties of water and steam.

The current industrial standard for the thermodynamic properties, which replaced the former industrial standard IFC-67, was adopted by the International Association for the Properties of Water and Steam (IAPWS) in 1997 under the name “IAPWS Industrial Formulation 1997 for the Thermodynamic Properties of Water and Steam” or simply IAPWS-IF97 for short. All relevant numerical details about the entire set of equations of IAPWS-IF97 are given in Chap. 2.

As a comprehensive supplement of the first edition of this book, this second edition contains all of the so-called backward equations of IAPWS-IF97 developed after 1997 and adopted by IAPWS between 2001 to 2005. In addition to the uncertainty values given in IAPWS-IF97 for the properties specific volume, specific isobaric heat capacity, speed of sound, and saturation pressure, uncertainty values for the specific enthalpy and differences in specific enthalpy are given as well. Moreover, formulas are presented in this new work to calculate all partial derivatives from the equations of IAPWS-IF97 formed by any three combinations of the properties pressure, temperature, and the specific properties volume, enthalpy, internal energy, entropy, Gibbs free energy, and Helmholtz free energy. For the high-temperature region (1073.15 K to 2273.15 K), the new basic equation that covers this temperature range for pressures up to 50 MPa (previously 10 MPa) is presented.

In addition to the equations for the thermodynamic properties of water and steam, Chap. 3 of Part A summarizes current equations for industrial use for the transport properties dynamic viscosity and thermal conductivity and also presents correlation equations for the surface tension, dielectric constant, and refractive index.

Part B contains the tables of the most important properties of water and steam, which were calculated from the corresponding equations of Chaps. 2 and 3 in Part A. In comparison with the first edition, additional tables with values of the properties compression factor, isochoric heat capacity, isobaric expansion coefficient, and isothermal compressibility are given. The table for the ideal-gas state was extended by including the properties isochoric heat capacity, isentropic exponent, and mean isobaric heat capacity between 0 °C and the given temperature t.

Part C of this book presents pressure-temperature diagrams with isolines of all the properties tabulated in Part B and of further properties such as the specific internal energy, Joule-Thomson coefficient, and a number of partial derivatives.

Part D contains a CD providing the interactive program “IAPWS-IF97 Electronic Steam Tables” to calculate all of the properties contained in the book dependent on pressure and temperature. In this way, users can calculate “personal” steam tables for arbitrary values of pressure and temperature, as well as properties in the two-phase region as a function of pressure or temperature together with vapour-fraction. With the addition of this possibility, the size of the printed steam tables (Part B) was reduced in comparison with the first edition of this book.
Part E contains the two wall charts, a Molier h-s diagram and a T-s diagram.


 Contents (84 KB)



 Preface (391 KB)

Electronic Steam Tables   User's Guide [115 KB]

Update Service  (in preparation)

Diagrams

Software Packages for IAPWS-IF97 and other Property Libraries

Software of Prof. W. Wagner, Chair of Thermodynamics, Ruhr-University Bochum

Software of the Department of Thermodynamics, University of Applied Sciences Zittau/Görlitz



Websites of the Authors

Professor Wolfgang Wagner

Professor Hans-Joachim Kretzschmar